THE IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING ON PRODUCTIVITY IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

CHAPTER ONE

1.0       INTRODUCTION

1.1    BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Available of resources is a vital need for the survival of human ventures. These include human, materials and financial resources which are very useful in the production chain. Out of all these resources the human component appears to be the most vital. This is because human beings articulate and activate other resources e.g. computer could only be operated by man just as car; machine and allied functional equipment would have to be controlled by man. In the economy of the nations human being constitute a very essential aspect of growth and development.

Human Resources Planning is base on the belief that people are an organization’s most important strategic resources. It is generally concerned with matching resources business needs in the longer term, although it will sometimes address shorter term requirement. It addresses human resources needs both in quantitative and qualitative terms which means answering two basic questions; first how many people and second; what sort of people? Human resources planning also looked at broader issues relating to the way in which people are employed and developed in order to improve organizational effectiveness. It can therefore play an important part in strategic human resources management.

Human resources planning entails the process of getting the right number of qualified people into the right job at the right time or it is the system of matching the supply of people internally (existing employee) and externally (those to be hired or searched for) with the opening the organization expects to have over a given period of time.

Human Resource Planning is the process of analyzing and identifying the needs for and availability of human resources so that the organization can meet its objectives. In most organization, that do human resource planning the top executive and subordinate staff specialist have most of their responsibilities for planning; however other managers must provide data for the human resource specialists to analyze. In turn those mangers need to receive data from the human resources unit because top managers are responsible for the overall strategic planning, they usually ask the human resource unit project the human resources needed to implement overall organizational goals.

Human resources planning will help the organization to be able to forecast for future human resource. Human Resource Planning help in the area of making good organizational policies terms of recruitment, selection, placement, training and development i.e. helping the organization to get skilled and competence people needed in the organization and placing them at the right place and at the right time in the organization which can help to give rise to increase in the organizational productivity.

1.2       STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This research is carried out to evaluate the impact of human resource planning on productivity in business organizations as it affects Seven-Up Bottling Company Kaduna plant. The research study seeks to find out the problems associated with the human resources planning and how it can affect the level of productivity in an organization.

The study seeks to understand the reasons why some organization undermine the Human Resources Planning inspite of it stated importance and roles in achieving help productivity and its immense contribution to the organization of employee efficiency.

It is expected that with all this problems the research work will bring about proper means and methods of achieving the organizations objectives with proper investment in human resource planning.

The research study is an attempt to investigate and verify:

1.           The problems encountered in the process of Human Resource Planning

2.           Identify the importance attached to Human Resource Planning by different organizations.

3.           Out-line the contributions effective, Human Resource Planning can have on productivity.

1.3       OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

This research work is an effort to determine the following:

i.             What is Human Resources Planning

ii.            The importance of Human Resources Planning

iii.           Aims of Human Resources Planning

iv.          The process of Human Resources Planning

v.           The relationship between Human Resources Planning and Business Planning

vi.          Methods and techniques of Human Resources Planning

vii.         Pit falls to avoid in Human Resources Planning

viii.       Impact of Human Resources Planning on producing in Business organization.

1.4       STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS

For the purpose of this study “the impact of Human Resource Planning on productivity in business organization” The following hypothesis are formulated:

Ho:    Human Resource Planning does not enhance productivity in Business Organization

H1:    Human Resource Planning enhances productivity in Business Organization.

1.5       SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of the study brings out the need for an organization to constantly develop means of improving human resource planning and productivity.

The importance aspect of the study includes the following:

a.           To ensure that he right number of skilled/ trained manpower are available for employment at the right time for all levels in the organization.

b.           The study, will contribution positively at the rate at which, how resource can be effectively utilized and how it can bring about high productivity in the organization.

c.           It also hope that the study will assist future researchers of human resources planning on productivity in business organization.

1.6       SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study is limited to Seven-Up bottling company Kaduna plant as a primary source of data to investigate the impact of Human Resources Planning on productivity in business organization.

Other materials are from text books, journals, periodicals, internet browsing etc will serve as the secondary source of data for the research study.

1.7       LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study is limited to the role played by human resources planning on productivity in business organization. In any research undertake it is usually associated with some constraints. Some of the constraints of this research work include the following:

a.           Financial constraint: this is considered to be the first constraint faced by the researcher. This really did not help matters looking at the very fact that a student, there is always limited fund at ones disposal which formed part of those factors that discouraged the researcher to go further than this. This extent in getting all this needed data from this research work. A typical example is the fund for going to different places to get information buying of related literature text books that are not available in the school library.

b.           Available data: in no small measure, incomplete and inaccurate data also provide a lot of difficulty in carrying out this research work. As a matter of fact it is because most of the senior staff were either too busy running their official responsibility that made them hardly to give the researcher the needed time to gather information or they were not just willing to do that, though some did cooperate just like most senior staff.

c.           Time constraint: this was the biggest constraint faced by the researcher because combing rigorous drilling of the institution i.e. lectures, assignment (both individual and group), test etc. on carrying out the research work made it virtually impossible to dedicate all the time needed to carry out this research work mostly easily.

1.8       HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF SEVEN-UP BOTTLING COMPANY PLANT

Seven-Up bottling company was conceived in the year 1959 and was actualized in 1960, when Nigeria as a nation was celebrating her independence on 1^st October, 1960, seven-up bottling company was rolling out her first product at the same time. The company has grown tremendously since then, when it started by producing only 7-Up and orange crushes in Lagos and Ibadan.

The company products rose to greater height when she acquired the right Franchise from Messrs Pepsi-Cola international of New York to bottle and market Pepsi-Cola, Mirinda orange, mirinda-soda, mirinda-tonic and Teem lemon ride, leading to the commissioning of plants all over the country in Ilorin, Aba, Kaduna and Benue.

The Kaduna Plant was bought over from Arewa bottles in 1978. Seven-up bottling company has set the price in credible and authentic consumer’s sales promotion as well as making sure consumers get the value for their money.

SOFT DRINK INDUSTRIES

Currently two soft drink companies operate in the market environment of Kaduna city today. The Seven-up bottling company plc producers of 7-up; Pepsi, teem and various mirinda products, while the Nigerian bottling company distributing coca-cola, fanta-orange, fanta-tonic, fanta club soda and sprit. Presently seven-up bottling company is striving hard to lead been second best to coca-cola which is the largest soft drink producer in the country. The highly skilled sales force and unique products of the company has generated deep loyalty from esteemed consumers and dealers of 7-up bottling company.

SALES TERRITORIES

Seven-up bottling company Kaduna plant has been divided into main sales territories making up the region. The sales territories are the Kaduna metro headed by the manager depot. At present the company has a few depot based in Jos, Suleja, Minna and Abuja. The Minna depot is headed by the depot manager while the three (3) other depot are headed by the depot superintendent. All depot reports directly to the sales manager depot, each sales territory is manned by competent salesmen and their sales assistance. The cost of manning each depot is usually analyzed and compared equally to the cost of depot superintendent. All depots’ report directly to the sales manager depot, each sales territory is manned by competent salesmen and their sales assistance. The cost of manning each depot if usually analyzed and compared equally to the cost of running the territories, these are also compared to the activities the sales team.

1.9       DEFINITION OF TERMS

In order to avoid any form of ambiguity as regards to the terms used in this research work, the following are given optional definition:

Human Resource Planning (HRP): This is the process of getting the right number of qualified people into the right job at the right time.

Productivity: productivity is the measure of how well resources are brought together in organizations and utilized for accomplishing a set of results. Productivity is reaching the highest level of performance with the least expenditure of resources.

Organization: this is the process of dividing work into convenient tasks or duties or grouping such duties in the formal posts delegation of authority to each post and approving qualified staff to be responsible that the work is carried out as planned.

Motivation: motivation is the term used to describe those processes both instructive and rational by which people seek to satisfy the basic desires, perceived needs and personal goals which trigger human behaviour.

Forecasting: is the process of estimating the future number of people required and the skills and competences they will need.

Mission: a statement of an organization over riding purpose or vision for the organization usually expressed in general terms, but tends to suffuse the organization culture.

Objective: an objective is the end point of a management program wherever stated in general or specific terms.

Planning: can be defined as the act of setting and selecting goals or objectives in relation to the strategies, policies and procedures for achieving the goals and objectives.

 Manpower Planning: is concerned with developing a systematic procedure for achieving an organizations objective through the acquisition, utilization, maintenance and development of the human resource required presently and in the future.